Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2 is a high-alloy, low-carbon austenitic stainless steel of the 1.4539 family, with molybdenum and copper additions. This datasheet presents the material within the European standard system.
The EN designation X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2 indicates approximately 22% nickel, 20% chromium, about 5% molybdenum and around 2% copper. Like the related grade 1.4539, the high nickel and molybdenum give good resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking and pitting, while the copper addition gives strong resistance to sulphuric and phosphoric acids. The very low carbon keeps it resistant to intergranular corrosion after welding.
Typical applications include equipment for sulphuric and phosphoric acid, flue-gas desulphurization, seawater systems, and chemical-process components where a 1.4539-class alloy is required.
Values for the solution-annealed condition, per EN reference data.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.0 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1300-1390 | °C |
| Young's modulus (20 °C) | 195 | GPa |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | 12 | W/m·K |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20-100 °C) | 15.3 | µm/m·°C |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 450 | J/kg·K |
| Magnetic response | Non-magnetic (austenitic) | — |
Composition per EN 10088 (W.Nr. 1.4656, X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2).
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Nickel | Ni | 21.0 | 23.0 | Austenite stability; SCC resistance |
| Chromium | Cr | 19.0 | 21.0 | Passivity; corrosion resistance |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 4.0 | 5.0 | Pitting + crevice resistance |
| Copper | Cu | 1.5 | 2.5 | Sulphuric/phosphoric-acid resistance |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 2.0 | Deoxidiser |
| Silicon | Si | — | 0.70 | Deoxidiser |
| Nitrogen | N | — | 0.15 | Austenite stability |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.020 | Very low (intergranular resistance) |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.030 | Residual impurity |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.010 | Residual impurity |
Nominal: 22Ni-20Cr-4.5Mo-2Cu. A 1.4539-family variant; the EN symbol number 22-20-5-2 reflects the nominal Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu balance.
Solution-annealed (+AT) condition, per EN 10088 for W.Nr. 1.4656.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 520-720 | MPa |
| 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) | >=220 | MPa |
| Elongation at fracture (A) | >=35 | % |
| Brinell hardness | <=220 | HB |
| Impact energy (KV, +20 °C) | >=100 | J |
Values per EN 10088. Confirm against the inspection certificate (EN 10204).
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sulphuric acid | Excellent | Cu addition is key |
| Phosphoric acid | Excellent | Including wet-process acid |
| Chloride pitting | Good | PREN ~34-36 |
| Crevice corrosion | Good | Better than 1.4404 |
| Chloride SCC | Excellent | High Ni content |
| Intergranular (welded) | Resistant | Very low carbon |
A solid-solution alloy; it cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
Solution Anneal approximately 1060-1140 °C, followed by rapid cooling (water or air) to dissolve secondary phases and retain optimum corrosion resistance.
Readily weldable by gas-shielded arc welding with a matching or over-alloyed nickel-base filler.
| Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Excellent | Matching or Ni-base (NiCr21Mo type) |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | Matching or Ni-base |
| SMAW / stick | Good | Matching or Ni-base electrode |
No preheat required; resistant to intergranular corrosion in the as-welded condition owing to the low carbon.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | Moderate; work-hardens; sharp tooling, slow-to-moderate speeds, positive feeds |
| Work hardening | Higher than carbon steel; avoid dwelling |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Good ductility; work-hardens |
| Hot forming | ~1150-900 °C; solution anneal + quench afterward |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical processing | Sulphuric/phosphoric-acid equipment | Cu-enhanced acid resistance |
| Flue-gas desulphurization | Scrubbers, ducting | Chloride + acid resistance |
| Marine / seawater | Heat exchangers, condensers | Pitting + SCC resistance |
| Pulp & paper | Bleaching equipment | Halide resistance |
| Product Form | Standard | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Plate, sheet and strip | EN 10088-2 · W.Nr. 1.4656 | X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2 |
| Bar, rod, wire and sections | EN 10088-3 · W.Nr. 1.4656 | — |
| Seamless / welded tube | EN 10216-5 / EN 10217-7 · W.Nr. 1.4656 | — |
| Sour service | ISO 15156-3 | Acid-gas applications |
High-alloy austenitic stainless steel (1.4539 family). W.Nr. 1.4656 (X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2); EN 10088.
| EN Symbol | Cr % | Mo % | Cu % | PREN | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X1NiCrMoCu22-20-5-2 | 19-21 | 4.0-5.0 | 1.5-2.5 | ~34 | Sulphuric/phosphoric acid; X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 family |
| X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 | 19-21 | 4.0-5.0 | 1.2-2.0 | ~34 | Wrought X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 16.5-18.5 | 2.0-2.5 | — | ~24 | General corrosion service |
| X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 (X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7-type) | 19.5-20.5 | 6.0-7.0 | 0.5-1.0 | ~43 | 6Mo seawater service |
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